Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia among Post-menopausal Women and Men Aged 50 years and Older in Klang Valley, Malaysia

24 Jun 2019 14:40 14:50
Safir
Nor Aini Jamil Presenter

1Nor Aini J, 2Chin KY, 2Chan CY, 2Shaanthana S, 2Ima-Nirwana S, 2Norliza M, 2Fairus A, 2Mohd Rizal AM, 3Ng PY, 2Norazah AA, 2Norazlina

1. Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
2. Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Malaysia
3. Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia

Objective: Age-related loss of muscle (sarcopenia) and bone (osteoporosis) increases the risk of falls and fractures and consequently posing a major clinical and public health burden. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and association between osteoporosis and sarcopenia among post-menopausal women and men aged 50 years and above in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Hospital Canselor Tuanku Mukhriz (PPUKM), Malaysia. Data collected include socio demographic profile, anthropometric status, dairy intake and physical activity level. Bone mineral density and appendicular lean mass (ALM/height2) were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) densitometer (Hologic) at lumbar spine, left hip and whole body. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis.

Results and Discussion: A total of 291 participants (146 women, 145 men) took part in this study. Men were older (mean age men vs women: 62.0 years vs 60.1 years), heavier (69.1 kg vs 59.4 kg) and taller (166.6 cm vs 153.8 cm), but had lower body fat percentage (29.5% vs 40.7%) and lower dairy intakes (77.9% vs 52.7%) than women. Nearly half of the participants were physically inactive (47.9% in women and 42.1% in men). The prevalence of osteopenia (women: 52.1% vs men: 37.2%) and osteoporosis (24.7% vs 7.6%) was higher in women than men. One-third of the participants were sarcopenic (36.6% in women and 36.3% in men) with no difference between sexes (p>0.05). Compared to those who has normal bone health status, osteopenia/osteoporosis individuals have 5 times higher odds (OR: 4.96, 95% CI= 2.7 to 9.0) to be sarcopenic.

Conclusion: Sarcopenia is associated with osteopenia and osteoporosis. Preventive measures to combat both conditions are warranted.

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